SPLIT PERSONALITY?

Dissociative identity disorder

Dissociative identity disorder (DID), as defined by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a condition in which a single person displays multiple distinct identities or personalitiesalters), each with its own pattern of perceiving and interacting with the environment. The diagnosis requires that at least two personalities routinely take control of the individual's behavior with an associated memory loss that goes beyond normal forgetfulness; in addition, symptoms cannot be due to drug use or medical condition. Earlier versions of the DSM named the condition multiple personality disorder (MPD).

Signs and symptoms

Individuals diagnosed with DID demonstrate a variety of symptoms with wide fluctuations across time; functioning can vary from severe impairment in daily functioning to normal or high abilities. Symptoms can include:

• multiple mannerisms, attitudes and beliefs that are not similar to each other
• headaches and other body pains
• distortion or loss of subjective time
• depersonalization
• amnesia
• depression
• derealization
• flashbacks of abuse/trauma
• unexplainable phobias
• sudden anger without a justified cause
• lack of intimacy and personal connections
• frequent panic/anxiety attacks
• auditory hallunications of the personalities inside their mind

Patients may experience an extremely broad array of other symptoms that resemble epilepsy, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, post traumatic stress disorder, personality disorders, and eating disorders.

Causes

The causes of dissociative identity disorder have not been identified, but are theoretically linked with the interaction of overwhelming stress, traumatic antecedents, insufficient childhood nurturing, and an innate ability to dissociate memories or experiences from consciousness. A high percentage of patients report child abuse.

Others believe that the symptoms of DID are created iatrogenically by therapists using certain treatment techniques with suggestible patients, but this idea is not universally accepted. Support for the iatrogenic nature of DID comes from observations that a small number of therapists are responsible for diagnosing the majority of individuals with DID; that patients do not report sexual abuse or manifest alters until after treatment has begun; and the alternative explanation of the "alters" being rule-governed social roles rather than separate personalities.

Treatment

Treatment of DID may attempt to reconnect the identities of disparate alters into a single functioning identity. In addition or instead, treatment may focus on symptoms, to relieve the distressing aspects of the condition and ensure the safety of the individual. Treatment methods may include psychotherapy and medications for comorbid disorders. Some behavior therapists initially use behavioral treatments such as only responding to a single identity, and using more traditional therapy once a consistent response is established. It has been stated that treatment recommendations that follow from models that do not believe in the traumatic origins of DID might be harmful due to the fact that they ignore the posttraumatic symptomatology of people with DID.

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split-personality

Emotional and behavioral disorders

Emotional and behavioural disorders (EBD) is a broad category which is used commonly in educational settings, to group a range of more specific perceived difficulties of children and adolescents. Both general definitions as well as concrete diagnosis of EBD may be controversial as the observed behaviour may depend on many factors.

Often EBD students may have other disabilities such as: PDD, autism, Rett syndrome, PDD-NOS, Asperger syndrome and ADHD.

Strategies for students classified with EBD

1. Routine: Provide a structured routine with visual time clock. Auditory sound cues may be helpful in addition to visual cues to help students manage their time efficiently. Post schedule and refer to schedule on regular basis. Routines may take 6-8 weeks to establish or even more for this population of students.
2. Changes in Routine: Convey any changes of routine to students as soon as available. The sooner students are aware of changes the more time students have to adjust to the new routine.
3. Classroom Jobs Chart/Classroom Order Chart: Classroom jobs offer an opportunity for student to show responsibility. In order to ensure success, make sure students have an opportunity to experience every job. One suggestion is having a chart with each students name and according job. Every week rotate the jobs. The list can double as the order in which students line up or choose preferred activities. Students with EBD classification tend to be competitive and need specific procedures informing the order students line up and choose activities.
4. Logical Consequences: Students must fix what they break. If a student pushes over a desk, he or she must pick it up. If a student runs in the hall, she must practice walking the correct way. If the student talks during the lesson, student must make up the work on his time. Be consistent with consequences so students know what is expected of them.
5. Target Behaviors: After taking data on students observable behavior, determine which behavior or behaviors to direct attention. Work with student to develop a plan to replace undesirable behavior with a more suitable behavior. If student throws desks and pencils when angry, have student work on communicating anger to an adult or trusted peer and how to be assertive without being aggressive.
6. Small Flexible Grouping: Students with EBD may have difficulty establishing relationships with peers. Abusive language and other behaviors may interfere with learning. Smaller groups decrease distractions and student-to-teacher ratio. Differentiation of instruction is more manageable with smaller groups.
7. Audience: During a serious behavior episode, the most effective strategy may be to remove the audience. The audience typically is other peers but may be other adults. The audience can be removed by moving the student if he or she is willing. However, moving the audience may be necessary in some cases. Develop a procedure with your class which will function as an "everybody out" drill. Behaviors amplified with an audience may be reduced or complete stopped when an audience is removed.
8. Calm spot: Have a designated area of the classroom for students to calm down. This spot can be used pro actively to prevent behaviors. Alternatively, the spot may be used after a behavior occurs to give the student a chance to refocus.
9. Choices: Students may frustrate easily when doing work. Giving students an option of when to complete the work is a powerful tool. For example, a teacher may say, "You need to get this done today. Would you rather do it now or during your free time?"

	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conduct_disorder

Cara Mengatasi Perasaan Marah

Marah ni adalah satu keadaan di mana kita akan rasa panas di dalam hati terhadap seseorang. Kerana itulah disifatkan marah itu adalah api. Cara untuk memadam api ialah dengan mencurahkan air ke atas api tersebut. Tapi, kalau api tu ada dalam hati, takkanlah kita nak curah air senang-senang je, ye tak?

1. Cepat-cepat ingatkan orang yang sedang marah itu dengan berselawat ke atas Nabi Muhammad saw.

2. Kalau sedang berdiri, cepat-cepat duduk untuk mengelakkan tangan kita lancang memukul orang atau mencapai barang untuk dibaling. Jarang orang marah dalam keadaan duduk kan?

3. Kalau tak berkesan duduk, suruh je dia baring terus..

4. Ambillah wuduk. Wuduk itu dapat membuang segala kekotoran pada diri kita..

5. Minum air kosong banyak-banyak ketika marah.. Cara ni dapat meredakan marah..

6. Lari daripada melihat muka orang yang nak dimarahi...

Ada pun ingatlah ketika kita marah, muka kita akan nampak hodoh sekali. Almaklumlah, muka kita nampak bengis dan berkerut seribu sewaktu marah..
Cuba bayangkan wajah seseorang yang sentiasa tak lekang dari senyuman.. Sejuk je mata memandang, tak gitu?

Fakta memang menunjukkan orang yang selalu marah cepat tua..

The First Day of School

The First Day of School

I wonder if my drawing will be as good as theirs
I wonder if they'll like me, or just be full of stares
I wonder if my teacher will look like mom or gram
And I wonder if my puppy will wonder where I am.

Aileen Fisher

http://www.atozteacherstuff.com/Lesson_Plans/Songs___Poems/Classroom_Management/index.shtml

Pengalaman PBS yang lalu...

10 March 2009: That was my first time doing SBE alone far away from Miri...

Pertama kali melakukan PBS(SBE) seorang diri merupakan penglaman baru yang tidak mungkin saya lupakan. Pihak sekolah melayan saya dengan baik dan berusaha untuk menyediakan maklumat yang saya inginkan. Apa yang saya perhatikan, dari segi kemudahan/fasiliti, sekolah ini mempunyai kemudahan yang cukup sempurna. Setiap kelas disediakan LCD, makmal sains yang lengkap, dilengkapi dengan bilik kesihatan di mna pelajar2 yang kurang sihat boleh mendapat rawatan di sana. Taman permainan, taman botani/science garden juga ada di sekolah ini. Seems like everything's perfect... Tetapi saya melihat di sebaliknya... Tingkah laku guru2 yang ada di sekolah ini agak kurang menyenangkan hati sesiapa yang memandang.

Sedang saya berjalan2 mengambil foto yang menarik di kawasan sekolah saya melihat pelbagai karenah guru yang tidak sepatutnya menjadi contoh kepada kita bakal guru kelak. Berikut merupakan situasi yang saya lihat berlaku dalam bilik darjah di sekolah tersebut:

SITUASI 1:
Guru mengarahkan murid2 utk melakukan hal masing2 sementara guru tersebut membuka pelbagai lagu rancak melalui handphonenya sambil membaca majalah hiburan. Murid2 berkeliaran sana sini tanpa dihiraukan cikgu tersebut.

SITUASI 2:
Guru berteriak kepada seorang murid perempuan yang lupa menyiapkan kerja rumah. Cikgu tersebut menyebut perkataan 'bodoh' dan beberapa perkataan lain (yang kurang baik) berkali2 ke atas murid tersebut. Murid tersebut menangis dan kelihatan bergegar seluruh badan. Cikgu tersebut langsung tidak mengendahkan keadaan pelajar tersebut.

Situasi ini sangat memeranjatkan saya. Saya langsung tidak menyangka seorang guru yang mempunyai ijazah perguruan melakukan perbuatan yang sedemikian kepada pelajar tahun 2 yang masih kecil dan innocent.

Last day:
Saya ingin menjalankan satu temuramah dengan pemangku ketua tetapi tiba2 muncul sepasang ibu bapa yang masuk ke pejabat dalam keadaan marah dan mendakwa lengan anaknya dicubit sehingga lebam oleh gurunya dan anaknya langsung tidak dapat menggerakkan tangannya. Setelah mereka selesai berbincang, saya difahamkan bahawa cikgu yang telah mencubit lengan murid tersebut mempunyai sejenis penyakit yang saya sendiri pun kurang pasti kewujudannya. Guru tersebut tidak dapat mengawal perasaan marahnya wlupun kesalahan yang dilakukan pelajar adalah kecil. Dalam keadaan marah, dia akan mencubit org yang melakukan kesalahan itu.

Walaupun terdapat guru yang bersikap sedemikian, terdapat juga guru2 yang prihatin dan menjalankan tanggungjawab dengan tekun.

Kesimpulan yang ble saya buat ialah, kelengkapan yang mencukupi di sekolah adalah sama penting dengan sikap guru terhadap murid2 sama ada di dalam kelas atau di luar. Guru harus bersikap tegas dalam kelas tetapi tidak melampau2. Guru juga tidak seharusnya terlalu berlembut dengan pelajar.

Any comment/ suggestion?:)

Pastoral Care

School of Pastoral Care Management Interview

- This is the link of video about Pastoral Care Management:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zymBUrp2V6w

Laughter, the Best Medicine

1) I had just eaten the worst meal in my life & had to say something. "Is everything ok?" the waitress asked. "No", I replied. "The chicken is so tough, you can't cut it with a knife." "I'm so sorry," she said. "Can I bring you a different knife?"

2) Eager to be a hands-on dad, I wanted to prove I could change a nappy as well as anyone else could. I watched my daughter looking up wide-eyed at me as I tackled the task. The reason for her wonder became apparent when I completed the change, lifted her up and found her left arm tightly bound inside her nappy.

3) When you've got a long list of things to buy at a department store, you tend to tune out announcements like "All cashiers to the front register" or "Service Manager, pick up line three." But one did catch my attention: "Customer service needed in men's boxers."

4) Every senior class at our school brings with it a new senior prank. Recently, a group of students let three pigs loose inside the school. They were labelled Pig #1, Pig #2, and Pig #4. Schools officials quickly rounded up the three pigs but spent the rest of the day looking for Pig #3.

5) My mum-in-law bought her first mobile phone. Its ringtone was the William Tell Overture. "I'm getting lots of calls but they always hang up," she told my husband. "That's odd, " he said. "I'll phone you and see what happens." He then dialled her number, but she sat motionless for more than a minute as her handset trilled away. "Why aren't you answering?" he asked. "Oh sorry," she said. "I thought I had to wait for the tune to finish."


HAHAHA... Funny isn't it....

Question : Does the gender makeup of the family count?

Answer :

Gender is considered an important factor.

Studies show that children with brothers generally encounter more "masculine" challenges than those who have only sisters.

Girls who have brothers are generally more ambituous, aggressive and do better in intellectual aptitudes tests than those who have only sisters.

Boys with older sisters are less aggressive and daring than those who have older brothers.

The complex web of interactions can have an effect on psychological development processes. Some of the areas where these effects can be appreciated are in interests, preferences, self-esteem, ways of thinking and the learning of various aptitudes.


-from Reader's Digest, May 2008 -

SIBLING RIVALS

Want your children to grow up as friends?
Try these tips from Parentlineplus.org.uk.

AGE DIFFERENCES mean that siblings will be at different stages of learning. So introduce activity that all age groups can participate in. Encourage older siblings to help the younger ones with an activity, to make older children feel more important.

DON'T RUSH to stop an argument - children sorting out their differences themselves can be a valuable lesson.

DON'T TAKE SIDES. It will make them think you have a favourite.

PRAISE them when they are getting along. Only noticing when they are misbehaving will make them think this is the best way to get your attention.

TEACH them how to cooperate, such as taking turns to play with a particular toy and then swapping.

REMIND children to talk through problems. If things get too heated, make sure they know how to ask an adult to help resolve the conflict.

ENCOURAGE them to think of others. Ask them how they think their brother or sister is feeling and what they would want if they were in their position, helping them to empathise.

REMAIN CALM. It will remind them that it is not such a big deal and will help them to listen to you.

SPREAD THE LAUGHTER

Laughter reduces stress, improves memory & helps keep our hearts healthy. The ability to laugh is hardwired into our systems, & new research shows that it's not only good for us, it's contagious. There's a reason sitcoms are funnier when we're in a group: when we see someone laugh, our brain seems to activate "mirror neurons" that send us into the same fit of laughter.

A little fun can lead to a more positive approach in everyday situations.

A good giggle helps u :

SCORCH KILOJOULES.
Laughing for 10 to 15 minutes increases ur heart rate by 10 - 20 %, which means u can burn an extra 40 - 165 kJ a day. Over a year, that can add up to around 2 kilograms in weight loss.

EASE PAIN.
In a US study, experts discovered that children tolerated pain better than usual when watching a funny TV programme.

STAY HEALTHY.
Humour increases the production and effectiveness of natural killer cells that stomp out germs. These cells are elevated for at least 12 hours after just an hour of watching funny shows.

Simple Tips for the Morning

If u're like many people, the start of the day isn't ur favourite time.
So here are some tips u can sneak into ur routine without much effort.
Try at least one of these tomorrow....

STRETCH EVERY EXTREMITY for 15 seconds. Try this before you open your eyes. Lift ur arm and begin by stretching each finger, then ur hand, then ur wrist, then ur arm. Repeat with the other arm. Then ur toes, feet, ankles and legs. End with a neck and back stretch that propels u out of bed.
U've just limbered up ur muscles and joints, and enhanced the flow of blood through ur body, providing an extra shot of oxygen to all ur tissues.

BRUSH UR TOUNGE for 1 minute. There's no better way to rid urself of morning breath and begin the day minty fresh. Hundreds of bacteria take up residence in ur mouth every night, so just brushing ur teeth alone isn't going to vanquish them all.

DRINK A GLASS OF WATER. Remember, u've been fasting all night long, so u wake each morning dehydrated.

CHECK UR MORNING CALENDAR. Have a large calendar or whiteboard in a prominent position in the kitchen. On it, write everything u need to know for that day. Check it each morning as u sip ur coffee - it will help u avoid the stress of forgetting something important.

KISS ALL THE PEOPLE U LOVE in ur house (including the dog and cat) before u leave. Connecting with the ones u love soothes stress & gives a positive start to ur day...

Hurrican Ike

Taufan Ike mula membadai kawasan pantai berhampiran Houston semalam dan memberi ancaman kepada bandar keempat terbesar di AS itu serta kawasan sepanjang Teluk Mexico.Ike yang kini menjejaskan satu perlima daripada kawasan pengeluaran minyak AS, menghampiri Pulau Galveston dengan kekuatan pada Kategori 2 sekitar pukul 2.10 pagi (3.10 petang ini waktu Malaysia) dengan kelajuan angin 175 kilometer sejam.

Ia kini dikatakan hanya perlu mencapai tambahan kekuatan satu kilometer sejam lagi untuk berada pada Kategori 3, lapor Pusat Taufan Kebangsaan.

Ike dijangka menjadi taufan terburuk yang pernah melanda Texas dalam tempoh hampir 50 tahun dan merupakan taufan terbesar yang melanda bandar AS sejak Taufan Katrina membadai bandar New Orleans pada akhir 2005.

Ia menyebabkan ombak setinggi enam meter yang menghempas benteng setinggi lima meter yang dibina untuk melindungi Houston daripada bencana ribut atau taufan selepas bandar itu dibadai taufan pada 1900 yang menyaksikan sekurang-kurangnya 8,000 penduduk terbunuh.

Ancaman Ike menyebabkan pihak berkuasa menutup 17 loji pembersih minyak selain menyaksikan sebuah dermaga di Galveston musnah.

Pusat Perkhidmatan Cuaca Kebangsaan menjangkakan taufan tersebut boleh menenggelamkan lebih 100,000 dan menyebabkan banjir di kawasan berhampiran pantai sepanjang 160 kilometer itu.

Lebih sejuta penduduk Texas diarahkan berpindah secara mandatori berikutan kebimbangan ancaman Taufan Ike tersebut.

Happy Ramadhan!!!

Dapatkan Mesej Bergambar di Sini

U can d0 it!!!

Dapatkan Mesej Bergambar di Sini

Vermillion 2 by Slipnot

christina aguilera - the voice within


Young girl dont cry
Ill be right here when your world starts to fall
Young girl its alright
Your tears will dry, youll soon be free to fly

When youre safe inside your room you tend to dream
Of a place where nothings harder than it seems
No one ever wants or bothers to explain
Of the heartache life can bring and what it means

Chorus:
When theres no one else, look inside yourself
Like your oldest friend just trust the voice within
Then youll find the strength that will guide your way
Youll learn to begin to trust the voice within

Young girl dont hide
Youll never change if you just run away
Young girl just hold tight
Soon youre gonna see your brighter day

Now in a world where innocence is quickly claimed
Its so hard to stand your ground when youre so afraid
No one reaches out a hand for you to hold
When you look outside look inside to your soul

Chorus

Life is a journey
It can take you anywhere you choose to go
As long as youre learning
Youll find all youll ever need to know
(be strong)
Youll break it
(hold on)
Youll make it
Just dont forsake it because
No one can tell you what you cant do
No one can stop you, you know that Im talking to you

ChoYoung girl dont cry Ill be right here when your world starts to fall

'The 5 Love Languages of Teenagers' by Gary Chapman

This is a book that i have read which is suitable for adult especially guardian to handle teenagers. It focuses on building block of parent-teen relationship which is love. Parents should focus effectively on how to meet their teenager's emotional need for love. Eventhough the parents said that they love their children however the children do not feel the love. The parents should know how to express their love. In this book there are 5 kinds of love languages such as words of affirmation, physical touch, quality time, acts of service and gifts.

Kindly visit this website for more info.

http://books.google.com.my/books?as_auth=Gary+D+Chapman